Community Medicine and Education Journal

Reconstruction of Caesarean Section Service Rates for National Health Insurance Patients

Vyola Regina — 2024-02-16

RSIA Permata Bunda as a JKN provider is paid according to the INA-CBG rate by BPJS Kesehatan, the amount of which does not match the costs incurred by the hospital so that there is a negative difference between the hospital section caesarea (SC) rate and the INA-CBG rate which reached 2 billion in 2021. The aim of this study was to reconstruct the SC service rate for JKN patients so that efficiency occurs. This study was an explanatory sequential mixed method design, preceded by quantitative research with unit cost calculation using the activity based costing (ABC) method and the average fee for service rate for hospital SC services and then qualitative research for interviews with informants. The unit cost calculated using the ABC method is lower than hospital package rates, fee for service rates but higher than INA-CBG rates for SC severity level I services in treatment classes I, II and III which causes losses for the hospital. Efficiency efforts that can be carried out by hospitals are through tariff reconstruction by adjusting LOS (length of stay), optimizing drug use and supporting examinations according to clinical pathways and changing the calculation of medical services from fee for service to a package system.

Analysis of Aggressive Behavior Studies in the Workplace in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review

Jefri Setyawan — 2024-02-22

Aggressive behavior in the workplace is a crucial issue in Indonesia, potentially having a negative impact on individuals, teams, and organizations. This systematic literature review aims to analyze research on aggressive behavior in the workplace in Indonesia, including the factors that influence it, its impact, and coping strategies. This literature review uses the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method. A literature search was conducted in electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed with the keywords "aggressive behavior", "workplace", and "Indonesia". From 25 relevant studies, the findings show that the factors that influence aggressive behavior in the workplace in Indonesia include work stress, workload, interpersonal conflict, and organizational culture. The impact of aggressive behavior in the workplace can include reduced productivity, employee turnover, and poor mental health. Coping strategies that can be implemented to overcome aggressive behavior in the workplace include stress management training programs, conflict intervention programs, and the formation of a positive organizational culture. Aggressive behavior in the workplace is a complex problem with various factors that influence it. Comprehensive prevention and mitigation efforts are needed to overcome this problem and create a safe and conducive work environment.

Analysis of Risk Factors on the Performance of Tuberculosis Control Program Officers in the Working Area of the Lubuk Kambing Health Center, Jambi, Indonesia

Immanuel Situmorang — 2024-02-29

Indonesia is ranked 2nd in the country with the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB). In Jambi, the detection rate for pulmonary TB cases is still low (19%), and at the Lubuk Kambing Health Center, it only reaches 53%. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the low rate of TB case detection in the Lubuk Kambing Health Center working area. Cross-sectional research design with 65 respondents. Data analysis uses logistic regression. There is a relationship between level of knowledge, motivation, workload, training, length of service, availability of TCM (molecular rapid test) facilities, active screening of pulmonary TB suspects, honorarium, family support, and evaluation of TB prevention and control officers and TB cadres with low detection capabilities d TB in the Lubuk Kambing Health Center working area. Availability of facilities is the dominant factor related to the low number of TB cases in the Lubuk Kambing Health Center working area. Efforts to increase knowledge, motivation, training, length of service, active screening, honorarium, and family support, as well as providing TCM facilities and regular evaluations, need to be carried out to increase the TB case detection rate.

Analysis of Achievements and Factors Playing a Role in Achieving Complete Basic Immunization During the Adaptation Period to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease) Pandemic in Padang, Indonesia

Putri Sri Kartika — 2024-02-29

The immunization program is a global program to prevent child deaths and provide immunity against infectious diseases. In Padang City, complete basic immunization coverage (IDL) in 2021 is still low (76.5%) compared to the target of 95%. This research aims to analyze the achievements of the IDL program in Padang City during the adaptation period to the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method is mixed methods research with a stratified random sampling technique. The results showed that the age frequency distribution of the baby's mothers was mostly 26-40 years old (83.2%), with a high level of education (78.4%) and more people working (52%). The frequency distribution of IDL status in Padang City shows an incomplete category of 67.2%. There is a significant relationship between the level of education, level of knowledge, attitudes and roles of health workers, and IDL status. The most dominant factor is the level of knowledge. IDL coverage is still low due to mothers' lack of understanding about the immunization schedule due to mothers' busy lives, family restrictions, and socio-cultural factors.

Analysis of the Study of Midwifery Care for Malnourished Toddlers at the Linge Health Center, Central Aceh Regency, Indonesia

Nova Ratna Dewi — 2024-03-05

Malnutrition among toddlers is still a public health problem in Indonesia, including in Central Aceh Regency. Comprehensive and quality midwifery care is very important to help malnourished toddlers achieve optimal nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the study of midwifery care for malnourished toddlers at the Linge Health Center, Central Aceh Regency, Indonesia. This research uses a case study design with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with midwives, observation, and documentation of midwifery care. The study shows that midwifery care for malnourished toddlers at the Linge Health Center is quite good. Midwives have carried out assessment, diagnosis, intervention and evaluation using midwifery care standards. Midwifery care for malnourished toddlers at the Linge Health Center is quite good, but still needs to be improved by increasing mothers' knowledge about nutrition, strengthening coordination between sectors, and increasing resources.

Correlation of Physical Activity with Behavioral, Emotional, and Psychosocial Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study of 5 Elementary Schools in Ciherang Village

Agustina Agustina — 2024-04-17

Physical activity is essential for children, but unfortunately, it has decreased due to the development of technology. Sedentary behavior in children can cause growth disorders, such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure. It can also affect child development, including emotional and behavioral disorders, decreased self-confidence, and symptoms of depression. This cross-sectional study was conducted in February-March 2024 in five Ciherang Elementary Schools. The study included 246 children who met the inclusion criteria. Physical activity was assessed using the IPAQ questionnaire, while emotional and behavioral disorders were assessed using the pediatric symptom checklist 17 (PSC-17) questionnaire. Their mean age was 11.83 years. The mean IPAQ score was 62.21 (16.45), and the mean PSC-17 score was 11 (2 – 27). The study found no significant correlation between physical activity and emotional, behavioral, and psychosocial disorders (internalization; p-value = 0.322, attention; p-value=0.515, and externalization; p-value=0.059, and total PSC17 score; p-value=0.944). However, a correlation was found between physical activity and externalizing behavior, with an r-correlation value of 0.121 and an R square of 0.016. Physical activity is associated with externalizing behavior, particularly in children between 10 and 14.

Effectiveness of Midwifery Care for Family Planning (KB) Acceptors with IUD (Intrauterine Device): Study in Kayu Kul Village, Pegasing, Central Aceh, Indonesia

Hidayana — 2024-05-06

Family planning (KB) is one of the Indonesian government's priority programs to control the rate of population growth. IUD (Intrauterine Device) is an effective and popular family planning method in Indonesia. Quality midwifery care is important to ensure successful IUD use and increase acceptor satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of midwifery care for family planning acceptors with IUDs in Kayu Kul Village, Pegasing, Central Aceh, Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional observational design involving family planning acceptors with IUDs in Kayu Kul Village, Pegasing, Central Aceh, Indonesia. Data was collected through structured interviews and observations of midwifery care provided to acceptors. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test. The results showed that the majority of family planning acceptors with IUDs (80%) received effective midwifery care. Effective midwifery care includes: complete health screening, comprehensive education about IUD use, counseling about IUD side effects and complications, and regular monitoring of IUD use. Acceptors who received effective midwifery care had a higher level of satisfaction (90%) compared to acceptors who did not receive effective midwifery care (60%). Effective midwifery care has been proven to increase family planning acceptor satisfaction with the IUD. Therefore, it is important to improve the quality of midwifery care at Health Centers to ensure successful use of IUDs and increase acceptor satisfaction.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Online-Based Patient Queue Management System Innovation: A Study at UMY Dental Hospital

Rr. Pipiet Okti Kusumastiwi — 2024-05-07

Long queues and long waiting times at dental and oral health services are frequent complaints from patients. This is caused by the time for dental and oral procedures which generally takes quite a long time compared to other health services. UMY Dental Hospital implemented innovation in the form of an online patient queue management system to overcome this problem. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the online queuing system. This study used a non-experimental observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Data was collected through a survey of 1000 patients who used the UMY Dental Hospital online queue system. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests. The research results show that the UMY Dental Hospital online queuing system is effective in reducing patient waiting time. The average patient waiting time with the online queuing system was 21.33 (SD 1.45) minutes, shorter than with the manual queuing system which averaged 112.32 (SD 8.23) minutes. Patients were also satisfied with the online queuing system, with 92.32 (SD 4.21) respondents stating they were satisfied. The online patient queue management system at UMY Dental Hospital has proven effective in reducing patient waiting time and increasing patient satisfaction. This system can be a model for other dental hospitals to improve the quality of their services.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Midwifery Care in Health Observations of 24-Month-Old Toddlers: Study in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia

Irdayani — 2024-05-07

Toddler health is an important indicator of public health and nation development. Midwifery care plays an important role in maintaining the health of toddlers, including observing the health of toddlers aged 24 months. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of midwifery care in observing the health of 24-month-old toddlers in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional observational design with a sample of 100 toddlers aged 24 months who were selected at simple random. Data was collected through interviews, observation, and physical examination. Data analysis was carried out using Chi-square and T-test. The results showed that midwifery care in observing the health of 24-month-old toddlers in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia was quite effective. As many as 80% of toddlers have undergone complete health observation by midwives. Observation of toddler health has increased complete immunization coverage (p<0.05), nutritional status of toddlers (p<0.05), and maternal knowledge about toddler health (p<0.05). Midwifery care in health observations for 24-month-old toddlers in Kute Rayang Village, Central Aceh, Indonesia is quite effective, but can still be improved. Increasing the effectiveness of midwifery care can be done through various efforts, including increasing the knowledge and skills of midwives, increasing community access to health services, and increasing community participation in maintaining the health of toddlers.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Scabies: Observational Study in Nurul Ilmi Darunnajah 14 Islamic Boarding School Students in Serang, Banten, Indonesia

Hans Sugiarto — 2024-05-21

Scabies is a contagious skin condition triggered by Sarcoptes scabiei varietas hominis. It is prevalent globally, particularly in tropical regions with low economic resources. The condition is commonly observed in densely populated environments characterized by close physical contact, such as Islamic boarding schools. This cross-sectional research was conducted in December 2023 at the Nurul Ilmi Darunnajah 14 Islamic Boarding School. This research involved 120 students who met the inclusion criteria. The questionnaire contains informed consent, personal identity, 15 questions to assess the level of personal hygiene, 15 questions to assess the respondent's level of knowledge, 8 statements, and 2 inspection points related to scabies diagnostic criteria. The data obtained will then be analyzed and researched according to the diagnostic criteria of the 2020 International Alliance for the Control of scabies consensus criteria for the diagnosis of scabies. The prevalence of scabies in this Islamic boarding school is 22.5% (27/120), with the risk factor for scabies being the level of personal hygiene, which includes individual cleanliness, environmental cleanliness, direct contact, ventilation, and humidity of the bedroom.

Clinical Profile, Transmission Factors, and Early Disability Prevalence of Leprosy: A Single Center Observational Study at Bunda Pembantu Abadi General Hospital Naob, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Ayleen Nathalie Jap — 2024-06-06

Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease that causes peripheral neuropathy with disabling manifestations. This disease is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which thrives in cool body surface temperatures and enters the body through the nose and skin. This study aims to identify the clinical profile of leprosy patients, risk factors for transmission, and the prevalence of early disability. This research uses a cross-sectional approach with descriptive methods. This study was conducted in December 2023 at the Bunda Pembantu Abadi General Hospital, involving 130 leprosy patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected using medical record data, including gender, age, occupation, family history, marital status, number of children, vital signs, duration of illness, WHO disability level score, bacterial index, and morphological index. Most of the respondents were men with normal vital signs except for body temperature, positive bacterial index, solid morphology index on the forehead, ear lobes and chin, and had a disability prevalence of 0 of 43.1% (56/130) because leprosy patients had a long illness. for one year. In conclusion, the clinical profile of leprosy patients at this hospital is dominated by men of productive age. The low rate of early disability highlights the importance of early detection and treatment. Further research is needed to understand risk factors for transmission and preventive interventions.

Effect of Degree of Smoking Based on Brinkman Index on Hemoglobin Levels in Adults

Bryan Anna Wijaya — 2024-06-10

Cigarette consumption is the main cause of death in the world because it affects various physiological conditions in the body. Various ingredients in cigarette smoke such as tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, and others can cause health problems, especially in the O₂ transportation system. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all tissues. The carbon monoxide contained in cigarette smoke is competitive with O₂ in binding to hemoglobin so that the oxygen distributed to the tissues is reduced. The body will compensate for peripheral hypoxia that occurs by increasing hemoglobin levels in the body so that oxygen transport to the tissues can be maintained. Research regarding the relationship between the degree of smoking and hemoglobin levels is still controversial. Analytical research with cross-sectional design. A total of 184 respondents were taken using purposive sampling and it was found that the majority (94%) were men who worked as security officers, cleaners, parking attendants, or technicians. Based on the Brinkman Index, 73.9% of respondents were classified as light smokers, only 1.6% were classified as heavy smokers and 50.5% of respondents had low hemoglobin levels. Analysis showed that the majority of respondents in the light smoker group had normal hemoglobin levels (58.1%), while moderate and heavy smokers had lower hemoglobin levels. In statistical analysis, a significant p-value (0.001) was found between the degree of smoking and hemoglobin levels.

Study Analysis of the Role of High-Calorie Food (Junk Food) on the Incident of Adolescent Obesity: A Community-Based Observational Study of Senior High School Adolescents in Tangerang Regency, Indonesia

Stanislas Kotska Marvel Mayello Teguh — 2024-06-11

Adolescent obesity is an increasingly worrying global health problem. Consuming high-calorie foods (junk food) is thought to be one of the main risk factors. This study aims to analyze the role of high-calorie foods on the incidence of obesity in senior high school adolescents in Tangerang Regency, Indonesia. This community-based observational research involved 350 randomly selected senior high school students in Tangerang Regency. Data were collected through food questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical examinations. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression to identify the association between junk food consumption and obesity, with adjustment for potential confounding factors. The results showed that consumption of high-calorie foods was significantly associated with an increased risk of obesity in adolescents (OR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.65-4.98). Adolescents who frequently consume junk food have a 2.87 times higher risk of becoming obese than those who rarely consume it. Apart from that, a positive relationship was also found between the frequency of consumption of junk food body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Consumption of high-calorie foods has a significant role in increasing the risk of obesity in senior high school adolescents in Tangerang Regency. Comprehensive nutritional and public health interventions are needed to reduce junk food consumption and promote healthy eating patterns to prevent obesity in adolescents.

Study of the Role of Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) on the Risk of Obesity in Adolescents: An Observational Study in the Adolescent Community in Jambi City, Indonesia

Heri Yanto Putra — 2024-06-12

Obesity in adolescents is an increasingly worrying global health problem. Unhealthy eating patterns, especially consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), are thought to be one of the main risk factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between UPF consumption and the risk of obesity in adolescents in Jambi City, Indonesia. Cross-sectional observational research was conducted on 350 adolescents aged 13-18 years in Jambi City. UPF consumption data was collected using the NOVA questionnaire, while anthropometric data (height, weight) was measured directly. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between UPF consumption and the risk of obesity, with adjustment for potential confounding variables such as gender, age, and socio-economic status. The results showed that high UPF consumption (above the median 4.2 servings/day) significantly increased the risk of obesity in adolescents in Jambi City (OR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.65-4.98; p < 0.001). This relationship remained significant after adjusting for confounding variables. No significant relationship was found between gender, age, and socioeconomic status with the risk of obesity. High UPF consumption is an independent risk factor for the incidence of obesity in adolescents in Jambi City. Comprehensive public health interventions are needed to reduce UPF consumption and promote healthy eating patterns in adolescents.

Analysis of the Impact of Coffee Consumption on Adolescent Cardiovascular Performance: An Observational Study in the Adolescent Community in Jakarta, Indonesia

Muhammad Dzakwan Dwi Putra — 2024-06-12

Introduction: Coffee is a popular drink among adolescents. However, its effect on cardiovascular performance in this population remains unclear. This study aims to analyze the relationship between coffee consumption and cardiovascular performance in adolescents in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational research was conducted on 350 adolescents aged 15-18 years in Jakarta. Coffee consumption data was collected through a structured questionnaire, while cardiovascular performance was assessed through measurements of blood pressure, heart rate and body mass index (BMI). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between coffee consumption and cardiovascular performance, with adjustment for potential confounding factors.

Results: The results of this study provide evidence that excessive coffee consumption (>2 cups/day) can increase blood pressure and resting heart rate in adolescents. However, moderate coffee consumption (1-2 cups/day) does not appear to have a significant negative impact on cardiovascular performance.

Conclusion: Excessive coffee consumption (>2 cups/day) has a significant negative impact on adolescents' cardiovascular performance, namely increasing blood pressure and resting heart rate. However, further research is needed to understand the long-term effects and mechanisms underlying this relationship.

The Effect of Exercise on Adolescent Lung Function Performance: An Observational Study in the Adolescent Community in Jakarta, Indonesia

Anthony Jason Raharjo — 2024-06-12

Optimal lung function is a crucial health indicator, especially in adolescents who are in the growth and development phase. Exercise is known to have a positive impact on lung function, but research evidence on adolescents in Indonesia, especially Jakarta, is still limited. This study aims to examine the effect of exercise on the lung function performance of adolescents in Jakarta, considering the urban context with high levels of air pollution. This cross-sectional observational study involved 350 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Jakarta, randomly selected from various schools. Data collection included a physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ short version), anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference), and spirometry to assess lung function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify associations between exercise and lung function parameters, with adjustment for confounding factors. The results showed that physically active adolescents had significantly higher FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC values compared to less active adolescents (p < 0.001). These results remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. There was no significant relationship between age and lung function parameters. Adolescent boys have higher FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC values than girls. Height and weight are positively correlated with FEV1 and FVC. Exercise has a significant positive effect on the lung function performance of adolescents in Jakarta. These findings support the importance of promoting physical activity in adolescents to improve lung health, especially in urban environments with exposure to air pollution. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the long-term effects of exercise on adolescent lung function.

The Role of Exercise on Sleep Quality: An Observational Study in the Medical Student Community in Jakarta, Indonesia

Muhammad Naufal Razaan — 2024-06-14

Optimal sleep quality is very important for the health and academic performance of medical students. However, high academic demands often cause lack of sleep and sleep disorders. Exercise has been shown to have a positive effect on sleep quality in the general population, but research on the role of exercise on sleep quality in medical students is still limited. This study aims to identify the relationship between the level of physical activity (exercise) and sleep quality among medical students in Jakarta. This cross-sectional observational study involved 350 medical students from various universities in Jakarta. Physical activity data was collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality, by controlling for confounding variables such as age, gender and stress level. The results showed that medical students who were physically active had a lower risk of experiencing sleep disorders compared to students who were less active. Logistic regression analysis showed that moderate to vigorous physical activity was significantly associated with better sleep quality (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.35-0.88; p = 0.012). Exercise has an important role in improving sleep quality in medical students. Exercise-based interventions may be an effective strategy to address sleep problems in this population.

The Effect of Counseling Intervention on Adolescents' Knowledge Regarding Sunscreen Use and the Incidence of Acne Vulgaris: An Experimental Study in the Adolescent Population in Jakarta, Indonesia

Shelma Tria Amanda — 2024-06-20

Acne vulgaris is a common skin problem in adolescents, often exacerbated by a lack of knowledge about proper skin care, including the use of sunscreen. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of counseling interventions in increasing adolescents' knowledge about sunscreen use and reducing the incidence of acne vulgaris. This experimental research involved 150 adolescents aged 15-18 years in Jakarta who were randomly divided into an intervention group (receiving counseling) and a control group. The intervention group received structured counseling sessions on sunscreen use and skin care for 8 weeks. Knowledge about sunscreen and the incidence of acne vulgaris were assessed before and after the intervention using a validated questionnaire and clinical examination. There was a significant increase in knowledge about sunscreen in the intervention group after counseling (p < 0.001). The intervention group also showed a significant reduction in the incidence of acne vulgaris compared to the control group (p = 0.023). Counseling interventions are effective in increasing adolescents' knowledge about sunscreen use and reducing the incidence of acne vulgaris. This intervention can be considered as a public health strategy to address skin problems in adolescents.

Analysis of the Role of Sebum Levels in the Incidence of Acne Vulgaris in Adolescents: An Observational Study on Adolescents in Jakarta, Indonesia

Arni Ismi Fadhila — 2024-06-21

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition common in adolescents, with excess sebum production considered a major risk factor. This study aims to analyze the relationship between sebum levels and the incidence of AV in adolescents in Jakarta, Indonesia. Cross-sectional observational research was conducted on 300 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Jakarta. Sebum levels were measured using Sebumeter, and AV incidence was assessed based on Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) criteria. Statistical analysis was carried out using the chi-square test, independent t-test, and logistic regression. There is a significant relationship between high sebum levels and the incidence of AV (p < 0.001). Adolescents with high sebum levels have a 3.9 times higher risk of experiencing AV compared to adolescents with normal sebum levels (OR = 3.9; 95% CI = 2.4-6.3). Other factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI), face washing habits, use of cosmetics, and family history of AV do not have a significant effect on the incidence of AV. Sebum level is an independent risk factor for the incidence of AV in adolescents in Jakarta. Early detection and effective management of sebum levels can be an important strategy in the prevention and treatment of AV.

Effectiveness of the Education Program on Using Iodine Mouthwash on Dental and Oral Health in Adolescents: An Intervention Study in the Adolescent Community in Batusangkar City, Indonesia

Rahmatul Aini — 2024-06-26

Poor oral health in adolescents is a significant public health problem in Indonesia. Iodine-based mouthwash has been proven effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis, but its use is not optimal among adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program on the use of iodine-based mouthwash on dental and oral health among adolescents in Batusangkar City. This research is an experimental study with a pre-post test design involving 150 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Batusangkar City. Participants were randomly divided into an intervention group (receiving an educational program and iodine mouthwash) and a control group (receiving an iodine mouthwash). Plaque index, gingival index, and knowledge about dental and oral health were measured before and after the intervention for 6 months. Data analysis was carried out using paired t-tests and independent t-tests. There was a significant reduction in plaque index and gingival index in the intervention group after 6 months of intervention (p < 0.05). The increase in knowledge about dental and oral health was also significant in the intervention group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups at the start of the study. The educational program on the use of iodine-based mouthwash is effective in improving dental and oral health among adolescents in Batusangkar City. This program can be recommended as part of efforts to prevent dental and oral diseases in adolescents.

Analysis of the Implementation of Minimum Service Standards (SPM) on the Minimum Service Quality of Hospitals: A Case Study at Mentawai Islands Regional Hospital, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Avissa Fadlika — 2024-06-27

Minimum service standards (SPM) are an important instrument in ensuring the quality of health services in hospitals. This research aims to analyze the implementation of SPM on minimum service quality at the Mentawai Islands Regional Hospital, West Sumatera, Indonesia. This research uses a mixed-method design with a sequential explanatory approach. The quantitative phase involved collecting secondary data from medical records and patient satisfaction surveys (n=300). Logistic regression analysis is used to identify the relationship between SPM implementation and service quality. The qualitative stage involved in-depth interviews with hospital management (n=5) and health workers (n=10) to explore factors influencing SPM implementation. The results of the quantitative analysis show that the implementation of SPM is significantly associated with an increase in minimum service quality, especially in the aspects of patient safety, clinical effectiveness and patient experience. Qualitative interviews revealed that factors such as resource availability, management commitment, and staff training influence the success of SPM implementation. Effective implementation of SPM contributes to improving the minimum service quality at the Mentawai Islands Regional Hospital. To optimize the implementation of SPM, increasing the availability of resources, strengthening management commitment and ongoing training programs for staff is needed.