Author Guidelines

1. Official Manuscript Templates

Choose the official DOCX that matches the manuscript type. Preserve the template's section order, declarations, article-information block, copyright and license statements, and Vancouver reference format.

2. Submission Route and Package

3. General Manuscript Requirements

• The work must be original, not published previously, and not under consideration elsewhere.
• Use clear academic English and remove author-identifying information from the anonymized review file.
• Use a concise sentence-case title. List author names, numbered affiliations, city and country on the separate title page.
• Provide a structured abstract of no more than 250 words and 3–5 precise keywords. Do not include citations, tables, or figures in the abstract.
• Arrange the main text as Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Declarations, and References, with article-type-specific subheadings.
• Number tables and figures in citation order. Provide editable tables, informative captions, defined abbreviations, appropriate units, and high-resolution figures. Remove all patient identifiers.
• Report numerical results with appropriate precision, confidence intervals, effect estimates, and exact P values when applicable. Do not duplicate every table value in the text.

4. Requirements by Article Type

5. Ethics, Reporting, and Required Declarations

Research involving humans or animals must identify the approving body, approval or exemption number, consent process, and relevant ethical standard. Clinical trials must provide registration details when required. Use the appropriate reporting checklist and submit it with the manuscript.

Complete every declaration, using an academically appropriate “not applicable” or “none declared” statement where necessary:

• Statement on the use of artificial intelligence, including tool, version, purpose, verification, and author responsibility when used;
• Author contributions using author initials and relevant CRediT roles;
• Funding source, grant number, and sponsor role;
• Conflict of interest / competing interests;
• Data availability and repository link or justified restriction;
• Ethical approval and consent to participate;
• Consent for publication, especially for identifiable case material;
• Acknowledgements; and
• Author approval confirming that all authors approved the final manuscript and accept accountability.

6. References

Use Vancouver style and number references in order of first citation. Write family name followed by initials without periods. For four or more authors, list the first three followed by et al.; list all authors when there are three or fewer. Use Index Medicus journal abbreviations and format DOI as “doi: 10.xxxx”. Verify every citation, DOI, URL, and retraction status. Use at least 15 references when scientifically justified, prioritize primary sources, and favor current literature from the most recent 10 years.

7. Editorial and Publication Workflow

The indicative acceptance rate is approximately 47%. This descriptive rate may change over time and does not predict the outcome of an individual submission. Every decision is based on editorial relevance, originality, methodological quality, ethics, and independent peer review.